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How Komodo is protecting $GAME from consensus attacks.
A real-world problem - consensus attacks. In the past few weeks, GameCredits saw reports of consensus attacks on large crypto projects such as Verge (XVG) and Bitcoin Gold (BTG). They also faced some consensus attacks as well. These attacks are known as double-spends.
An attacker sends a transaction.
The attacker mines blocks on a chain with his/her own or rented hashpower (usually by forking off), but refuses to broadcast these blocks on the network. These blocks do not contain his/her original transaction from step 1.
The attacker's transaction is confirmed on a service (like an exchange), so he/she gets credited for the transaction.
The attacker broadcasts the blocks on the network, erasing the existence of his or her transaction. Now he or she has been credited coins on the service he/she sent to and he/she still has the coins.
A real-world solution - delayed proof of work. Komodo's notarization feature greatly reduces the impact of such an attack. Komodo notaries are running GameCredits clients and monitoring the network 24/7/365.
At a certain interval of blocks, these notaries get the hash of a block and write it into the Komodo chain. They also note down which Komodo block has the notarization within the GameCredits chain.
This two-way peg allows GameCredits' block history to be secured by the Komodo network.
If an attacker attempts to double-spend on the chain, but the real chain has already notarized several blocks since he forked off, the attacker's blocks will be rejected by the network.
The beauty of this is that the Komodo chain is notarized by Bitcoin. Komodo's chain is secured by Bitcoin's hashpower, and GameCredits' chain is secured by Komodo.
As a result, the exchange situation is being resolved. As you may know, several exchanges — including Bittrex and Poloniex — shut down trading or halted $GAME deposits and withdrawals a few weeks ago. This was because of the network attack. However, with the 0.15.2 Komodo network update, these attacks will be far more difficult, meaning exchanges can safely come back online. Since $GAME deployed the code last week (the week beginning Monday 28 May), several services and exchanges like Poloniex have already updated. GameCredits are now communicating with Bittrex to help them update as soon as possible.
