The Republic of the Marshall Islands is all-in on its cryptocurrency. Despite significant skepticism of the plan, the government still plans to issue its own cryptocurrency, called the Marshallese sovereign (SOV for short), according to a new essay in CoinDesk by David Paul, a top advisor to President Hilda Heine. This follows an announcement by the government in June that it had established a nonprofit, called the SOV Development Fund, to maintain the digital currency system.
Governments across the world are wrestling with whether they should issue sovereign currency in digital form. Venezuela has already tried to launch one, the petro, but it hasn't gotten off the ground. Officials in the Marshall Islands government apparently think they can launch the first one that works.
In March 2018, when the Marshall Islands legislature passed a law that launched the digital currency project, it saw an opportunity to raise much-needed revenue. That was back in the halcyon days of the initial coin offering bonanza, and companies were regularly generating hundreds of millions of dollars simply by creating their own digital money.
But Paul and other proponents also saw something else: a way to become more connected to the global financial system. Paul told Bloomberg in December that a crackdown on money laundering by the US in recent years has raised the cost of compliance and made it less profitable and more risky for international banks to work with nations like the Marshall Islands. "By issuing a currency ... that can travel the globe instantly, and that is tamper-proof and completely secure, the Marshall Islands will finally be connected to the global financial system on its own terms," Paul writes in the new essay. That's true in at least one sense, since users wouldn't need a bank to send money overseas (though the recipient would need a way to convert it into a currency they could use on the other end).
The project has been met with resistance, however. President Heine's domestic political opponents used the issue to force a vote of no confidence in November 2018, which she narrowly won. Backlash has also come from abroad. The US Treasury Department has said it has "serious concerns" about the plan. In a September report, the International Monetary Fund warned that the potential revenue gains from issuing the digital currency could be outweighed by the costs due to economic, "reputational," and money laundering risks.
According to Paul, though, the platform will make it cheaper to comply with anti-money laundering regulations. Using a blockchain, "we can automate much of the compliance," he writes. He also says the money supply will be "predetermined and tamper-proof" so the government will not be able to manipulate it. Few other details are public, however. Paul is expected to share more at a conference next week in Singapore.
The US government has a hidden weapon it could deploy against Bitcoin. Take it from David Murray, a vice president at the Financial Integrity Network, a consultancy firm in Washington, DC, focused on illicit finance. In testimony this week before a Senate subcommittee, Murray called on the government to expand its powers under the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) to combat the use of cryptocurrency by human traffickers. Critics say not only would that be a bad idea (and perhaps unconstitutional), it probably wouldn't work anyway. Read more here.
